Different application scenarios between Router and Switch
Switch: Mainly used in internal core access, internal data exchange, and more commonly used in LAN.
Router: Es una salida de red, principalmente responsable de la interconexión con los operadores, y se utiliza más comúnmente para conectarse a redes externas.
Por ejemplo, puede haber miles de conmutadores en un entorno de red, pero el número de routers industriales utilizados en el mismo entorno puede ser sólo de un dígito. En otras palabras, si se quiere comunicar desde un edificio de oficinas a un edificio de dormitorios, basta con utilizar un conmutador; pero si se quiere comunicar desde un edificio de oficinas a un taller lejano o a la cadena de montaje de una fábrica, la mayoría de los routers se utilizan para la comunicación remota.
Diferencias funcionales
Conmutador: Su función principal es intercambiar datos internos y gestionar la IP de subred. No tiene la función de conectarse a la red externa;
Router: A través de la función de conexión a la red externa, ayuda a la transmisión de datos de otros dispositivos, como servidor serie o PLC, etc.
Usually routers have AP functions, firewalls, routing protocols, etc. Industrial routers have VPN private network tunnels to protect private data transmission. For example, this function is often used in the financial industry. Because routers are rich in functions, they are often used in traffic aggregation environments.
Normalmente los switches no tienen estas funciones, pero algunos switches también tienen funciones de cortafuegos, como cierta serie de Cisco.
Diferentes requisitos de interfaz
Conmutador: La mayoría de los conmutadores se utilizan en puertos Ethernet, puertos eléctricos, puertos ópticos, etc;
Router: principalmente puerto LAN o puerto WAN. Algunos escenarios industriales también requieren puerto serie RS232, como USR-G800 V2.
In most cases, Routers are used in conjunction with switches. The Switch is responsible for managing the subnet and exchanging internal data, and the router is responsible for connecting to the external network. For example, the intelligent parking lot transmission solution: wireless networking is optional at the gate, and WAN 4G networking is optional indoors. The network connection is fast, the network is smooth and the data is complete. Remote management is more convenient. Accurately transmit parking space status data to create a comfortable parking experience.
Technical Principles Overview
The switch works at the data link layer and is primarily responsible for data forwarding within the LAN. It recognizes and processes data packets through the MAC address table to ensure that the data reaches the target device quickly. In the work of the switch, full-duplex communication technology is used so that multiple devices can exchange data at the same time. This reduces network conflicts and improves overall efficiency.
Routers, on the other hand, work at the network layer and are responsible for data transmission between different networks. Through IP addresses, routers are able to determine the best forwarding path to deliver packets accurately to their destinations. Routers are not only capable of connecting LANs to WANs, but also support Network Address Translation (NAT), which allows multiple devices to share a common IP address. In addition, routers support a variety of routing protocols and dynamically update routing information to ensure the efficient transmission of data in complex networks.
Working Together
In real-world network environments, switches and routers often work together to form an efficient network architecture. Switches are responsible for fast communication between devices on the LAN, while routers handle traffic from external networks. Through this collaboration, the network is able to achieve a stable and secure connection that meets the communication needs of different scenarios.
